Medical Biology & Bioengineering

Track 2: Bio-systems engineering

Bio systems engineering is a field of engineering which integrates engineering science and design with appliedbiological environmental and agricultural sciences. Bio systems engineering is a field of engineering. This integrates engineering science and design with applied biological and environmental sciences.It represents an evolution of engineering disciplines applied to all living organisms not including biomedical applications. Therefore, bio systems’ engineering is the branch of engineering that applies engineering sciences to solve problems involving biological systems.

Track 3: Biochemical engineering

Biochemical engineering also biotechnology engineering or bioprocess engineering, is a branch of chemical engineering that mainly deals with the design and construction of unit processes that involve biological organisms or molecules, such as bioreactors. Its applications are in the petrochemical industry, food and pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and water treatment industries.

Track 4: Bio-molecular engineering

Bio-molecular engineering is the application of engineering principles and practices to the purposeful manipulation of molecules of biological origin. Bio-molecular engineers integrate knowledge of biological processes with the core knowledge of chemical engineering in order to focus on molecular level solutions to issues and problems in the life sciences related to the environment, agriculture, energy, industry, food production, biotechnology and medicine.

Track 5: Bioprocess engineering

Bioprocess engineering also biochemical engineering, biotechnology engineering, and biotechnical engineering, is a specialization of chemical engineering, It deals with the design and development of equipment and processes for the manufacturing of products such as agriculture, food, feed, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, chemicals, and polymers and paper from biological materials & treatment of waste water. Bioprocess engineering is a conglomerate of mathematics, biology and industrial design and consists of various spectrums like designing of bioreactors, study of fermenters. It also deals with studying various biotechnological processes used in industries for large scale production of biological product for optimization of yield in the end product and the quality of end product.

Track 6: Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering alters the genetic make-up of an organism using techniques that remove heritable material or that introduces DNA prepared outside the organism either directly into the host or into a cell that is then fused or hybridized with the host. This involves using recombinant nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) techniques to form new combinations of heritable genetic material followed by the incorporation of that material either indirectly through a vector system or directly through micro-injection, macro-injection and micro-encapsulation techniques. Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebra fish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.

Track 7: Food and Biological Process Engineering

Food and Biological Process Engineering is the application of engineering design and analysis to Microbiological systems for pharmaceuticals, renewable energy, biomass conversion, and vitamin and food supplements. Food processing, handling, and storage from the time food is produced until it reaches consumers. Food engineeringis a multidisciplinary field of applied physical sciences which combines science, microbiology, and engineering education for food and related industries.

Track 8: Health and safety engineering

Health and safety engineering develop procedures and design systems to prevent people from getting sick or injured and to keep property from being damaged. They combine knowledge of systems engineering and ofhealth and safety to make sure that chemicals, machinery, software, furniture, and other consumer products will not cause harm to people or damage to buildings.

Track 9: Microbiology

Microbiology is the scientific study of these microorganisms. Microorganisms are those organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye and include things like bacteria, fungi, and viruses. An electron microscope image of a Bacteriophage virus. Microbiologists study these organisms using tools, like microscopes, genetics, and culturing. Microscopes allow scientists to magnify microbial cells that are otherwise too small to see. Genetics and molecular biology help scientists understand the evolutionary relationships between microbes and their habitats.

Track 10: Systems Biology

An emerging engineering approach applied to biological scientific research, systems biology is a biology-based inter-disciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological research.

Track 11: Tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues. Tissue engineering involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own. Tissue Engineering is the study of the growth of new connective tissues, or organs, from cells and a collagenous scaffold to produce a fully functional organ for implantation back into the donor host. This technique will allow organs to be grown from implantation (rather than transplantation) and hence free from immunological rejection. The starting point for any tissue-engineered organ is the harvesting of small amounts of tissue from the future recipient of the Tissue Engineered organ.

Track 12: Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is the application of computer technology to the management of biological information. Computers are used to gather, store, analyze and integrate biological and genetic information which can then be applied to gene-based drug discovery and development.

Track 13: Organ transplantation

Organ transplantation is a medicinal method in which an organ is expelled from one body and put in the body of a beneficiary, to supplant a harmed or missing organ. The benefactor and beneficiary might be at a similar area, or organs might be transported from a giver site to another area. or, on the other hand organs might be transported from a contributor site to another area. Organs and additionally tissues that are transplanted inside a similar individual's body are called autografts. Transplants that are as of late performed between two subjects of similar species are called allografts. Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source.

Track 14: Artificial limbs

A transtibial prosthesis is a counterfeit appendage that replaces a leg missing underneath the knee. A transtibial amputee is generally ready to recover typical development more promptly than somebody with a transfemoral removal, due in huge part to holding the knee, which takes into consideration less demanding development.

Track 15: Biorobotics

Biorobotics is a term that freely covers the fields of artificial intelligence, bionics and even hereditary building as an aggregate review. Biorobotics is frequently used to allude to a genuine subfield of apply autonomy: considering how to make robots that imitate or reenact living natural life forms mechanically or even artificially.

Track 16: Artificial skin and cosmetic surgery

Manufactured skin is a collagen platform that prompts recovery of skin in warm blooded animals, for example, people. The term was utilized as a part of the late 1970s and mid 1980s to depict another treatment for gigantic consumes. It was later found that treatment of profound skin wounds in grown-up creatures and people with this framework incites recovery of the dermis. It has been produced  monetarily under the name Integra.TM and is utilized as a part of hugely consumed patients, amid plastic surgery of the skin, and in treatment of constant skin wounds. Plastic surgery is characterized as a surgical forte devoted to remaking of facial and body surrenders because of birth issue, injury, consumes, and illness. Plastic surgery is planned to amend useless zones of the body and is reconstructive in nature.

On the other hand, the expression "manufactured skin" infrequently is utilized to allude to skin-like tissue developed in a research facility, in spite of the fact that this innovation is still a significant path far from being feasible for use in the restorative field. 'Fake skin' can likewise allude to adaptable semiconductor materials that can detect touch for those with prosthetic appendages.

Track 17: Bioengineering and cancer therapy

Bioengineering and growth treatment for disease is a kind of treatment that uses the body's safe framework to slaughter malignancy cells.

Bioengineering and malignancy treatment for disease is utilized as a part of the treatment of many sorts of tumor to forestall or ease back tumor development and to keep the spread of growth. Organic treatment for malignancy regularly causes less dangerous symptoms than other disease medicines.

Track 18: Artificial implants and Biomechanics

Biomechanics is the investigation of the structure and capacity of natural frameworks, for example, people, creatures, plants, organs, parasites, and cells by methods for the techniques for mechanics. Biomechanics is firmly identified with designing, since it regularly utilizes customary building sciences to dissect organic frameworks. Some basic uses of Newtonian mechanics and additionally materials sciences can supply amend approximations to the mechanics of numerous organic frameworks. Connected mechanics, most strikingly mechanical designing orders, for example, continuum mechanics, instrument investigation, auxiliary examination, kinematics and progression assume noticeable parts in the investigation of biomechanics.

Medicinal inserts are man-made gadgets, as opposed to a transplant, which is a transplanted biomedical tissue.In a few cases inserts contain hardware e.g. fake pacemaker and cochlear inserts. A sort of treatment that utilizations drugs or different substances to recognize and assault particular sorts of growth cells with less damage to ordinary cells. Some focused on treatments hinder the activity of specific chemicals, proteins, or different atoms required in the development and spread of disease cells.

Track 19: Biophysics

Biophysics or biological physics is an interdisciplinary science that applies the approaches and methods of physics to study biological systems. Biophysics covers all scales of biological organization, from molecular to organismic and populations. Biophysical research shares significant overlap with biochemistry, physical chemistry, nanotechnology, bioengineering, computational biology, biomechanics and systems biology.

Track 20: Rehabilitation Engineering

Rehabilitation engineering is the use of engineering science and principles.

1. Develop technological solutions and devices to assist individuals with disabilities.

2. Aid the recovery of physical and cognitive functions lost because of disease or injury.

Track 21: Biomechanical Systems and Devices

Biomechanical engineering studies the fluid dynamics, thermal transport, elastic and dynamic process, and materials in living systems. Research efforts focus on development of fundamental and applied engineering knowledge related to biomechanical systems, and the application of engineering principles toward the design and development of biological materials, treatment of diseases, and performance of biomedical devices. Significant research efforts are aimed at developing a fundamental understanding of aging and disease processes in living systems.

Track 22: Nanobiotechnology and toxicology

Nanotoxicology is the investigation of the poisonous quality of nanomaterials. As a result of quantum size impacts and huge surface zone to volume proportion, nanomaterials have remarkable properties contrasted and their bigger partners.

Nanotoxicology is a branch of bionanoscience which manages the review and utilization of poisonous quality of nanomaterials.Nanomaterials, notwithstanding when made of dormant components like gold, turn out to be exceedingly dynamic at nanometer measurements. Nanotoxicological studies are expected to decide if and to what degree these properties may represent a risk to nature and to people. For example, Diesel nanoparticles have been found to harm the cardiovascular framework in a mouse show.

Track 23: Nanobiotechnology&Biomaterials

Nanobiotechnology, bionanotechnology, and nanobiology are terms that allude to the crossing point of nanotechnology and science. Given that the subject is one that has just developed as of late, bionanotechnology and nanobiotechnology fill in as cover terms for different related innovations.

Track 24: Environmental Biotechnology

Environmental biotechnology is the branch of biotechnology that addresses environmental problems, such as the removal of pollution, renewable energy generation or biomass production, by exploiting biological processes.

A biosensor is associate analytical device, used for the detection of associate analytic , that mixes a biological part with a chemistry detector. The sensitive biological part (e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc.) may be a biologically derived material or biomimetic part that interacts (binds or recognizes) with the analytic below study. The biologically sensitive parts can even be created by biological engineering. The electrical device or the detector part (works in a very chemistry way; optical, electricity, chemistry, etc.) transforms the signal ensuing from the interaction of the analytic with the biological part into another signal (i.e., transduces) that may be additional simply measured and quantified. The biosensor reader device with the associated physical science or signal processors that area unit primarily accountable for the show of the leads to a easy method. This generally accounts for the foremost dear a part of the {sensor|detector|sensing part|device} device; but it's doable to get a user friendly show that features electrical device and sensitive element (holographic sensor). The readers area unit typically custom-designed and made to suit the various operating principles of biosensors.

A biomarker, or biological marker, typically refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. The term is additionally often accustomed talk over with a substance whose detection indicates the presence of a living organism.

Biomarkers square measure typically measured and evaluated to look at traditional biological processes, infectiveprocesses, or medical specialty responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers square measure utilized in several scientific fields.

Bioelectronics is a field of research in the convergence of biology and electronics.At the primary C.E.C. Workshop, in national capital in November 1991, bioelectronics was outlined as 'the use of biological materials and biological architectures for IP systems and new devices'. Bioelectronics, specifically bio-molecular physics, were delineated as 'the analysis and development of bio-inspired (i.e. self-assembly) inorganic and organic materials and of bio-inspired (i.e. huge parallelism) hardware architectures for the implementation of latest IP systems, sensors and actuators, and for molecular producing right down to the atomic scale'.The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), place of work of the U.S. Department of Commerce, outlined bioelectronics in a very 2009 report as "the discipline ensuing from the convergence of biology and electronics".

Bioinstrumentation is the use of bioelectronics instruments for the recording or transmission of physiological information. Medical Definition of bioinstrumentation. The development and use of instruments for recording and transmitting physiological data (as from astronauts in flight); also : the instruments themselves.